Primary measures for basic treatment of various types of diabetes. The principle of dietary therapy is: control of total calories and weight. Reduce the amount of fat, especially fatty acid, and increase the amount of Dietary fiber, so that the proportion of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in the food is reasonable. Control the intake of total dietary energy, reasonable and balanced distribution of nutrients. To maintain a reasonable weight, overweight/obese patients aim to lose 5-10% of their body weight over a period of 3-6 months. Patients with emaciation should regain and maintain their ideal weight over a long period of time through a balanced nutrition program.
1 fat: dietary fat provides no more than 30% of total energy, and fatty acid intake no more than 10% of total energy. Dietary cholesterol intake < 300MG/day.
Carbohydrates: carbohydrates in the diet should provide 50%-60% of the total energy. Foods should be high in dietary fibre.
3 protein: the recommended protein intake was 10%-15% of total energy in patients with normal renal function, protein intake was less than 0.8 g/kg body weight/day in patients with dominant proteinuria, and low protein diet was less than 0.6 g/kg body weight/day in patients with GFR decline, at the same time, compound a-keto acid preparation was added.
4. Alcohol consumption: not recommended for people with diabetes. No more than 1-2 servings per day (1 serving: 350ml beer, 150ml red wine or 45ml low-alcohol liquor, each containing about 15g alcohol)
5 salt: salt intake should be limited to 6g per day, especially for patients with hypertension.
Dietetic instruction
It is generally recommended that protein in the daily diet be given at a standard weight of 0.6-0.8 g/kg and that the proportion of high quality protein be increased within a limited range. Patients in Stage 3 and 4 of the diabetic nephropathy should maintain the quality and quantity of daily protein intake while adhering to other principles of nutritional therapy for diabetes.
[2] patients do not give themselves a scientific and reasonable diet program, then once the kidney function disorders, light up blood pressure, general fatigue; heavy kidney function disorders, edema, male impotence, testicular atrophy, etc. Heavy or complete loss of self-care ability, may even be taken away from life
People with diabetes should eat less food
1. Eat less fruit
Fruit contains more fructose and glucose, and can be quickly absorbed by the body, causing increased blood sugar. Therefore, patients with severe diabetes, should not eat too much fruit.
2. Don’t drink
Alcohol contains 14.64 kj (3.5 kcal) per gram of calories, for high-calorie food, there is the role of consumption of body heat. Excessive alcohol can cause hyperlipidemia or metabolic disorders, so that the burden on the liver increased. Diabetes patients in drinking, eating some carbohydrate food, blood sugar can rise, make diabetes out of control. Often drink wine and do not eat food, can inhibit liver glycogen decomposition, so that blood grapes (grape food) sugar reduction, hypoglycemia (blood sugar food) symptoms. Therefore, severe diabetes patients with hepatobiliary disease, especially those who are using insulin and oral hypoglycemic drugs, should not drink alcohol.
3. Cut back on sugary, salty foods
In the context of diabetes awareness, doctors often use dietary restrictions, especially on foods high in sugar, as an important tool to guide patients. However, little attention has been paid to limiting salt intake. Modern medical research shows that too much salt, with enhanced amylase activity and promote starch digestion (digestion of food) , and promote the intestinal absorption of free glucose, can cause high blood sugar concentration and aggravate the disease. Therefore, diabetes patients should not eat more salt.
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